AI sovereignty: Europe knows its weaknesses, but will it act fast enough?
At La REF, the panel discussion titled "Europe hasn't said its last prompt," moderated by Charline Perrault, journalist at Les Échos, brought together Béatrice Cossa-Dumurgier, Catherine Fieschi, Octave Klaba, Frédéric Mazzella, Laurent Solly and Valérie Urbain. The exchanges focused on a question that has become central: what does European sovereignty still mean at a time...
AI in business: the missing link between productivity and value creation
A report by the United Nations Independent International Scientific Panel on Artificial Intelligence raises a question that should directly interest business leaders: who actually captures the value created by AI? Behind this question lies a much broader problem. Companies have invested heavily in accessing technologies, adopting them, and multiplying use cases. But they still have...
AI Agents: The First Organizational Revealer of the 21st Century
ENTREPRENEURIA | IN-DEPTH ARTICLE Ford, the Return of Tacit Knowledge and the Silent Transformation of the Enterprise By Pascale Caron | July 12, 2026 | EntrepreneurIA By recruiting several hundred veteran engineers to strengthen its design reviews and improve its artificial intelligence tools, Ford has not turned its back on automation. The automaker has revealed...
After ChatGPT, the Next AI Battle Will Be Over Infrastructure
For two years, companies have focused their efforts on a single question: which artificial intelligence model should we choose? ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Mistral… Comparisons have multiplied. Executive teams have evaluated performance, tested conversational assistants, and begun integrating AI into their processes. Yet this question is becoming secondary. The real transformation is no longer solely about...
WWDC 2026: What Business Leaders Should Take Away from Apple’s AI Strategy
By Pascale Caron Each WWDC conference is traditionally presented as an essential event for developers. However, limiting the 2026 edition to a succession of technical announcements would be to miss its main lesson. Apple has not simply unveiled a new version of Siri or enriched its ecosystem with new features. The company has confirmed a...
The Illusion of Intelligence: Why AI Acts Without Understanding
Analysis of the article published on SSRN by Luciano Floridi In 2025, the debate around artificial intelligence seems frozen between two opposing narratives. On one side, an almost messianic promise: that of increasingly intelligent machines, capable of reasoning, deciding, even replacing certain forms of human judgment. On the other, a diffuse anxiety: loss of control,...